Add a gantry

Add a gantry to your machine’s configuration so you can control linear positioning along one or more axes from the Viam app and from code.

Concepts

A gantry component controls linear motion along one or more axes. The API provides:

• Position reading: get the current position on each axis.
• Move to position: command movement to a target position at a specified speed.
• Axis lengths: query the travel range of each axis.
• Homing: run a homing sequence to establish a reference position.

Viam includes two built-in gantry models:

The fake built-in model is useful for testing without hardware. Browse all available gantry models in the Viam registry.

Steps

1. Prerequisites

• Your machine is online in the Viam app.
• For the single-axis model: a motor is configured and tested.
• You know the travel length of your axis in millimeters and the distance per motor revolution.

2. Add a gantry component

1. Click the + button.
2. Select Configuration block.
3. Search for the gantry model that matches your setup:
   • For a single linear rail driven by a motor, search for single-axis.
   • For a multi-axis system composed of multiple single-axis gantries, search for multi-axis.
4. Name your gantry (for example, my-gantry) and click Create.

3. Configure gantry attributes

Single-axis gantry:

{
  "motor": "my-motor",
  "length_mm": 500,
  "mm_per_rev": 8
}

Multi-axis gantry:

First configure each axis as a separate single-axis gantry, then compose them:

{
  "subaxes_list": ["x-axis", "y-axis", "z-axis"],
  "move_simultaneously": true
}

4. Save and test

Click Save, then expand the Test section.

• Read the current position.
• Command a short move and verify the axis travels the correct distance.
• If using limit switches, verify homing works correctly.

Try it

Read the gantry’s position and move it along the axis.

To get the credentials for the code below, go to your machine’s page in the Viam app, click the CONNECT tab, and select SDK code sample. Toggle Include API key on. Copy the machine address, API key, and API key ID from the code sample. If you’re using real hardware, you’ll see the gantry move along its axis when you run the code below. With a fake gantry, position values update without physical motion.

pip install viam-sdk

import asyncio
from viam.robot.client import RobotClient
from viam.components.gantry import Gantry


async def main():
    opts = RobotClient.Options.with_api_key(
        api_key="YOUR-API-KEY",
        api_key_id="YOUR-API-KEY-ID"
    )
    robot = await RobotClient.at_address("YOUR-MACHINE-ADDRESS", opts)

    gantry = Gantry.from_robot(robot, "my-gantry")

    # Get axis lengths
    lengths = await gantry.get_lengths()
    print(f"Axis lengths (mm): {lengths}")

    # Get current position
    position = await gantry.get_position()
    print(f"Current position (mm): {position}")

    # Move to 100mm at 50mm/s
    print("Moving to 100mm...")
    await gantry.move_to_position(
        positions=[100.0],
        speeds=[50.0]
    )

    # Verify new position
    position = await gantry.get_position()
    print(f"New position (mm): {position}")

    await robot.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

python gantry_test.py

mkdir gantry-test && cd gantry-test
go mod init gantry-test
go get go.viam.com/rdk

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"

    "go.viam.com/rdk/components/gantry"
    "go.viam.com/rdk/logging"
    "go.viam.com/rdk/robot/client"
    "go.viam.com/rdk/utils"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    logger := logging.NewLogger("gantry-test")

    robot, err := client.New(ctx, "YOUR-MACHINE-ADDRESS", logger,
        client.WithCredentials(utils.Credentials{
            Type:    utils.CredentialsTypeAPIKey,
            Payload: "YOUR-API-KEY",
        }),
        client.WithAPIKeyID("YOUR-API-KEY-ID"),
    )
    if err != nil {
        logger.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer robot.Close(ctx)

    g, err := gantry.FromProvider(robot, "my-gantry")
    if err != nil {
        logger.Fatal(err)
    }

    // Get axis lengths
    lengths, err := g.Lengths(ctx, nil)
    if err != nil {
        logger.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("Axis lengths (mm): %v\n", lengths)

    // Get current position
    position, err := g.Position(ctx, nil)
    if err != nil {
        logger.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("Current position (mm): %v\n", position)

    // Move to 100mm at 50mm/s
    fmt.Println("Moving to 100mm...")
    if err := g.MoveToPosition(ctx, []float64{100.0}, []float64{50.0}, nil); err != nil {
        logger.Fatal(err)
    }

    // Verify new position
    position, err = g.Position(ctx, nil)
    if err != nil {
        logger.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("New position (mm): %v\n", position)
}

go run main.go

Troubleshooting

What’s next

• Gantry API reference: full method documentation.
• Add a motor: configure the motor that drives the gantry axis.
• Fragments: save and reuse working hardware configurations.
• What is a module?: write a module that coordinates gantry motion with sensors.